See cũ on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ablative"
},
"expansion": "cũ (+ ablative)",
"name": "la-prep"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "cum"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin ablative prepositions",
"parents": [
"Ablative prepositions",
"Prepositions",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "73 10 10 3 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 14 8 3 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1537, Guy de Chauliac, Joannes Baptistia Cortesius, Chirurgia Guidonis de Cauliaco […], Messanæ, page 73:",
"text": "Aut cũ gargariſmis maturatiuis & apertiuis:vt eſt decoctio ficuum dactilorũ fenugreci addendo fermentum.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of cum"
],
"id": "en-cũ-la-prep-R1ipix3p",
"links": [
[
"cum",
"cum#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"with-ablative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kum/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[kum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "cũ"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cũ càng"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cũ kĩ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cũ mèn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cũ rích"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "古"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "zh",
"3": "古//",
"pos": "SV: <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"vi\">cổ</i>",
"t": "old",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 古 (“old”, SV: cổ)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "古",
"2": "old",
"3": "cổ",
"hv": "n"
},
"expansion": "Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 古 (“old”, SV: cổ)",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "cổ"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cổ",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 古 (“old”, SV: cổ). Doublet of cổ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𪡻",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "寠",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "屡",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "屢",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𡳰",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𡳵",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𡳶",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𫇰",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𬞺",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𬞰",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𬟛",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𬟗",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𱿈",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𪧘",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "𪡻, , 寠, 屡, 屢, 𡳰, 𡳵, 𡳶, , , , , 𫇰, 𬞺, , 𬞰, 𬟛, 𬟗, 𱿈, , 𪧘"
},
"expansion": "cũ • (𪡻, , 寠, 屡, 屢, 𡳰, 𡳵, 𡳶, , , , , 𫇰, 𬞺, , 𬞰, 𬟛, 𬟗, 𱿈, , 𪧘)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𪡻, , 寠, 屡, 屢, 𡳰, 𡳵, 𡳶, , , , , 𫇰, 𬞺, , 𬞰, 𬟛, 𬟗, 𱿈, , 𪧘"
},
"expansion": "cũ • (𪡻, , 寠, 屡, 屢, 𡳰, 𡳵, 𡳶, , , , , 𫇰, 𬞺, , 𬞰, 𬟛, 𬟗, 𱿈, , 𪧘)",
"name": "vi-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "già"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lão"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"old, but not ancient; compare cổ (“ancient”) and già (of a lifeform)"
],
"id": "en-cũ-vi-adj-AAw7W9KE",
"links": [
[
"old",
"old"
],
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
],
[
"cổ",
"cổ#Vietnamese"
],
[
"già",
"già#Vietnamese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of an object) old, but not ancient; compare cổ (“ancient”) and già (of a lifeform)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of an object"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Semantics",
"orig": "vi:Semantics",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "33 45 6 11 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "an obsolete word/sense",
"text": "từ/nghĩa cũ",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"obsolete"
],
"id": "en-cũ-vi-adj-uAzYYQUa",
"links": [
[
"semantics",
"semantics"
],
[
"obsolete",
"obsolete"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(semantics) obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences",
"semantics"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"secondhand (not new; previously owned and used by another)"
],
"id": "en-cũ-vi-adj-sX5J0gay",
"links": [
[
"secondhand",
"secondhand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of an object) secondhand (not new; previously owned and used by another)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of an object"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the former Soviet Union",
"text": "Liên Xô cũ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the former Yugoslavia",
"text": "Nam Tư cũ",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"former"
],
"id": "en-cũ-vi-adj-KjZDBjXn",
"links": [
[
"former",
"former"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of a geographic place) former"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a geographic place"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "old friend",
"text": "bạn cũ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "an ex-lover/boyfriend/girlfriend",
"text": "người yêu/người tình/bồ/bạn trai/bạn gái cũ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "an ex-husband/wife",
"text": "chồng/vợ cũ",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"no longer close"
],
"id": "en-cũ-vi-adj-PdG04gW9",
"links": [
[
"close",
"close"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of a person) no longer close"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ku˦ˀ˥]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kʊw˧˨]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kʊw˨˩˦]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-cũ.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0b/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-c%C5%A9.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-c%C5%A9.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0b/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-c%C5%A9.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-c%C5%A9.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "cũ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ablative"
},
"expansion": "cũ (+ ablative)",
"name": "la-prep"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "cum"
}
],
"categories": [
"Latin 1-syllable words",
"Latin ablative prepositions",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin prepositions",
"Latin terms spelled with Ũ",
"Latin terms spelled with ◌̃",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for translations of Latin quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1537, Guy de Chauliac, Joannes Baptistia Cortesius, Chirurgia Guidonis de Cauliaco […], Messanæ, page 73:",
"text": "Aut cũ gargariſmis maturatiuis & apertiuis:vt eſt decoctio ficuum dactilorũ fenugreci addendo fermentum.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of cum"
],
"links": [
[
"cum",
"cum#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"with-ablative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kum/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[kum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "cũ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese adjectives",
"Vietnamese doublets",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Chinese",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cũ càng"
},
{
"word": "cũ kĩ"
},
{
"word": "cũ mèn"
},
{
"word": "cũ rích"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "古"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "zh",
"3": "古//",
"pos": "SV: <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"vi\">cổ</i>",
"t": "old",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 古 (“old”, SV: cổ)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "古",
"2": "old",
"3": "cổ",
"hv": "n"
},
"expansion": "Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 古 (“old”, SV: cổ)",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "cổ"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cổ",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 古 (“old”, SV: cổ). Doublet of cổ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𪡻",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "寠",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "屡",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "屢",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𡳰",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𡳵",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𡳶",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𫇰",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𬞺",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𬞰",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𬟛",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𬟗",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𱿈",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𪧘",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "𪡻, , 寠, 屡, 屢, 𡳰, 𡳵, 𡳶, , , , , 𫇰, 𬞺, , 𬞰, 𬟛, 𬟗, 𱿈, , 𪧘"
},
"expansion": "cũ • (𪡻, , 寠, 屡, 屢, 𡳰, 𡳵, 𡳶, , , , , 𫇰, 𬞺, , 𬞰, 𬟛, 𬟗, 𱿈, , 𪧘)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𪡻, , 寠, 屡, 屢, 𡳰, 𡳵, 𡳶, , , , , 𫇰, 𬞺, , 𬞰, 𬟛, 𬟗, 𱿈, , 𪧘"
},
"expansion": "cũ • (𪡻, , 寠, 屡, 屢, 𡳰, 𡳵, 𡳶, , , , , 𫇰, 𬞺, , 𬞰, 𬟛, 𬟗, 𱿈, , 𪧘)",
"name": "vi-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "già"
},
{
"word": "lão"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"old, but not ancient; compare cổ (“ancient”) and già (of a lifeform)"
],
"links": [
[
"old",
"old"
],
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
],
[
"cổ",
"cổ#Vietnamese"
],
[
"già",
"già#Vietnamese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of an object) old, but not ancient; compare cổ (“ancient”) and già (of a lifeform)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of an object"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples",
"vi:Semantics"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "an obsolete word/sense",
"text": "từ/nghĩa cũ",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"obsolete"
],
"links": [
[
"semantics",
"semantics"
],
[
"obsolete",
"obsolete"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(semantics) obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences",
"semantics"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"secondhand (not new; previously owned and used by another)"
],
"links": [
[
"secondhand",
"secondhand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of an object) secondhand (not new; previously owned and used by another)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of an object"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the former Soviet Union",
"text": "Liên Xô cũ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the former Yugoslavia",
"text": "Nam Tư cũ",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"former"
],
"links": [
[
"former",
"former"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of a geographic place) former"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a geographic place"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "old friend",
"text": "bạn cũ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "an ex-lover/boyfriend/girlfriend",
"text": "người yêu/người tình/bồ/bạn trai/bạn gái cũ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "an ex-husband/wife",
"text": "chồng/vợ cũ",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"no longer close"
],
"links": [
[
"close",
"close"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of a person) no longer close"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ku˦ˀ˥]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kʊw˧˨]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kʊw˨˩˦]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-cũ.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0b/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-c%C5%A9.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-c%C5%A9.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0b/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-c%C5%A9.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-c%C5%A9.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "cũ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cũ meaning in All languages combined (6.0kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: ",
"path": [
"cũ"
],
"section": "Vietnamese",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "cũ",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: ",
"path": [
"cũ"
],
"section": "Vietnamese",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "cũ",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: ",
"path": [
"cũ"
],
"section": "Vietnamese",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "cũ",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: ",
"path": [
"cũ"
],
"section": "Vietnamese",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "cũ",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: ",
"path": [
"cũ"
],
"section": "Vietnamese",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "cũ",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: ",
"path": [
"cũ"
],
"section": "Vietnamese",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "cũ",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: ",
"path": [
"cũ"
],
"section": "Vietnamese",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "cũ",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (ee63ee9 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.